Automatic lubricating apparatus



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(No ModeL) Y J. RYAN.

AUTOMATIC LUBRIGATlNG APPARATUS. No. 363,682.

Patented May 24, 1887.

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' AUTOMATIC LUBRIGATlNG APPARATUS. No. 363,682. Patented May 24, 1887.

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AUTOMATIC LUBRIGATlNG APPUHLAIUS. No. 363,682.

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A AUTOMATIC LUBRICATING APPARATUS. No. 368,682.Y l Patented May 24,1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH RYAN, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

AUTOMATIC LUBRICATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 363,682, datedV May 24,1887.

Application filed Decemherl, 1884. Serial No. 149,354. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPHRYAN, a citizen of the United States,residingv at St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented acertainnew and useful Improved Automatic Lubricating Apparatus, of which thefollowing is a specification. l

My invention relates to that class of lubri cators which are adapted tosupply the wear-` ing parts of any desired number of machines or enginesfrom one reservoir common to all; and it consists in features ofnovelty, which are hereinafter particularly pointed out in the claims,being first duly described with reference to the accompanying drawings,in which- Figurel is a perspective view showing at a glance my entireimprovements as practically applied and adapted to lubricate one or moreengines. Fig. 2 is a front elevation on an enlarged scale of theoil-reservoir`and its parts, including the water pipes and theirconnections, the branches for the oil-pipes, the indicator in front, andpressureegage near top. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation ofthe same partsshown in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 are horizontal sections on the lines 4-4- and 5 5, respectively, Fig. 3. Fig. 6 shows the attachment of theindicator to the oil-reservoir, the upper branch being shown in sectionto disclose the valvechainber and its valve. Fig. 7 is a sectional viewvof the water-supply tank or condenser with its respective upper steampipe and bottom water-pipe connections.

pipe communicates at bottom, the internal construction of one of saidfeeders being shown iusection. Fig. 9 isa sectional elevation of asingle feeder having in conjunction therewith a side pipe connecting attop with a condensing-chamber and at bottom with said feeder.`

inafter appear.

Fig. 8 repre# .sents double feeders, with which a single oilwith morethan one, whereby it is better adapted for lubricating a larger plant.

Similar letters refer to similar partsthroughout the several views.

A is the main water-supply tank, from which the hydrostatic pressure,conj ointl y with steam, acts to force the oil to the feeder, as willhere- Further, by referring to Fig. l it will be noted that thewater-supply tank is located higher than any oil-pipe ot' the entireapparatus, the purpose being to achieve the water-pressure due to saiddifference of height, which, when further augmented by the pressure ofthe steam above the water in tank A, will produce sufficient pressure toforce the oil to the nipple or. feed-tube of the feeder, however remotesaid feeder may be from the oilreservoir.

C is the main water-pipe, through which this pressure in the tank A iscommunicated to the oil in the various pipes and parts ofthe apparatusuntil the nipple of the. desired feeder is reached. The upper end ofthis water-pipeO, I therefore connect to the water tank A, while thelower end of said tank can communicate with the oil-reservoir througheither of the branch water-pipes C or C, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3. Ineither case, whether the main water-pipe communicates at the bottom orthe top of the oil-reservoir, I have provided an automatic checlevalve,c, which therefore can be located in eitherof the branch pipes C or O2.By means of this check-valve, (see Fig. 3,) in case of varying pressuresarising in the boiler, or in shutting down7 the boiler, or the creationof a vacuum in same, or similar contingencies producing back-pressure,the said valve closts against its seat c and prevents reaction of theoil or contents from the'oil-reservoir, the pipes, and tank entering thesteanrboiler, and otherwise arrests all baclepressure throughout thelubricator apparatus instantaneously.

C3 is an additional water-pipe, which communicates with both the upperand lower branch pipes, O' O2. (See Figs. 2 and 3.) This pipe O3 has acock or valve at c2. Similarly, the upper branch, G, has a like valve atc", both being to control the inlet of the hydrostatic pressure to theoilreservoir.

The oil-reservoir D consists of the upright cylindrical body properlyjoined to the flanges ICO d d of the respective top and bottom plates,D' D2, which close said cylindrical body in manner shown in Figs. 2 and3.

In the opening of the top plate, D', is tted the cap-piece E, having theport or duct e, which establishes communication between the upperbranch, C', of the water-pipe and the leg or water-pipe C4 inside theoil-reservoir. (See Fig. 3.) `The bottom plate, D2, has also a port orduct, d2,with which the lower branch, C, of the water pipe connects toestablish hydrostatic pressure from the bottom of the oilreservoirupward through same. (See Fig. 3.) rIhus the hydrostatic pressure canbeintroduced from the top of the oil-reservoir down same or from thebottom up through the same, as may be desired. Vhen said pressure is introduced from the top of the oil-reservoir, the cock c2 is shut andsaid reservoir is lled by the water-pressure escaping down the leg C".By opening the cock cl and shutting the upper cock, c3, the samepressure ills the reservoir from the bottom. In either case the oil, byits lighter specific gravity, remains ou top of the water and passesfrom the reservoir through the oil-pipes; also, by means ot' these twococks c2 the operator can control, regulate, or entirely shut off thewater-pressure.

For exhaust, emptying the oil-reservoir, and blow-off7 purposes thebottom plate, D2, of the oil-reservoir D is provided with a duct, d2,which communicates with an outlet-pipe, d, controlledby a cock, dt. (SeeFigs. l, 2, 3, 5.) F is the upper chamber of the 0il-reservoir, whencethe oil is delivered to the various feeders through branch pipescontrolled by steam valves.

`Communication is established between the oil-reservoir D and its upperchamber, F, so that the oil rising, by reason of the pressure of thewater beneath it in the reservoir, will constantly fill said upperchamber, whence it escapes to supply the lubricating-pipes. Anacorn-shaped cover, f', closes the open top of the chamber F, throughwhich the oil is admitted to iill both the main oil-reservoir D and itsupper chamber, F.

G G G2 represent the several branches with which the upper chamber, F,of the oil-rester voir may be provided to establish communicationsimultaneously, if desired, with any or all of the oil-pipes and feedersconnected to the same. (See Figs. l, 2, 3, 8, and 9.) Each of thesebranches consists of a vertical tube, g, and lateral tube g, each of thelatter having, further, ascrew-stem valve, g2, passing'through asuitable stuffing-box, y", as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. By means of thesescrew-stem valves g'l the passage or port that delivers the oil to thevertical tubes g can be readily controlled, thereby controlling thefeeding of the oil to the oil-pipes.

To the tube g of the branch pipe G the main oil-pipe H connects, and tothe tube g of the branch pipe GorGzalikeoil-pipe, H', may conneet, bothor all these oil-pipes being arranged below the water-tank, andpreferably in close proximity to the main steampipe X, as shown in Fig.l, so that the oil shall be kept always at such temperature as to causeit to flow freely.

The steamepipe X, provided with any necessary number of branches x,supplies the steam to the various pumps, engines, or steam mechanismsthat it is desired to operate from a common steam source, and similarly,by means of the arrangement shown, the same pumps, engines, or steammechanisms can be kept constantly and properly lubricated from' a comvmon source. Each of the main oil-pipes H H passes upfrom theoil-reservoir to a height near to that of the steam-pipe X (which lattermust, therefore, be below the level ofthe water-tank) and fo'llow thelead ot' said steam pipe close by the samev in order to obtain thebenefit of the heat radiating therefrom, being provided at any desiredpoints with branches h 7L h2, tc., (see Figs. l, 8,) which deliverthelubricant to the bottom chamber or oil-tube of each feeder employed.

It can be here stated that by the said arrangement of the parts so fardescribed there is achieved, besides the steam-pressure in thewater-tank, the hydrostatic pressure due to the elevationof said tankabove the oil-pipes. I utilize this hydrostatic column so derived onlyto Aforce the oil from the main oil-reservoir, through its oil-pipes, tothe nipple or feed-tube of the feeders, (whence it is conveyed to thepart to be lubricated by gravity, as hereinafter explained.) and toeffect a complete washing out of the entire apparatus, as willhereinafter appear.

The feeders I show more distinctly in Figs. 8 and 9. They can be madeeither single or double and with or without a side pipe for thecirculation of water froman auxiliary condenser. I will tirst describethe double feeders shown in Fig. 8. As shown, the branch oil-pipe hconnects with these feeders at the bottom, a threeway cock, i, beingplaced at the-intersection ofthe pipe h and branches t t?, which lattercommunicate'with conicalshaped chambers i at the bottom of therespective feeders.k The oil-chamber i3 has an opening at bottomcontrolled by a screw-valve, it, which serves as a blow-oft' for thefeeder.

this asmall passage cored to bein vertical line with the feed tube ornipple t, said port or passage being controlled by the screw-stem valvei", operating through a proper stuffing-box, is. It is this port if thatdirects the oil interposed between the hydrostatic column and the feederto be fed to the feed-tube or nipple, so that the oil escaping from thesame can pass by virtue of its v lighter specific gravity in the centralline of' the current or column of water contained in the said feeder. Asapparent, the oil can be made to escape drop by drop, or in a continuousstream, from the feed-tube or nip- `ple i by a proper adjustment of thehandvalve il; or it may be entirely shut off, as may be desired.

.T is the transparent chamber or sighttube ICO IIO

seen through the usual side openings of its surrounding metal bracket J.This glass sighttube J passes centrally through the bracket J its lowerend being secured within a socket formed in a projection from thetopside of the bottom or chamber-piece of the feeder, while its upper endis secured within a corresponding socket formed in the lower end of acoupling-piece, K. This projection and also the lower end of thecoupling-piece K are externally screw-threaded for engaging corresponding screw-threads formed in sockets in the respective extremities fj* ofthe bracket J packing-rings jiji, surrounding the tube, being interposedbetween the extremities of said projection and couplingpieee and thebottoms of the sockets in the bracket J', into which they respectivelyscrew for preventing leakage.

L is a selfacting check-valve interposed between the sight-tube of thefeeder and its final outlet-branch that delivers the oil to the pipe tobe conveyed to the engine. The valvechamber consists of two parts, Z Z',coupled together by a union, l, and within this chamber is a ball-valve,Z3. (See Fig. 8.) As indicated, the valve rises from its seat to allowthe normal passage upward of the current of oil or oil and water, butcloses against its s eat l* by gravity, pressure, or both, as soon asreaction takes place. In case of breakage or accident happening to thesight-tube, causing leakage,

this valve closes by the force of reaction and shuts off the return ofall pressure from the steam-engine backward through the lubricatingapparatus. The valve-chamber is in line with the central passage of thefeeder, which passage is continued by the further branch'or connectingpipe M, controlled by the stopcock m. (See Fig. 8.) To the upper end ofthe pipe M is secured the head-piece N, carrying an auxiliary watersupply or condensing chamber, N This headpiece has a handvalve. n,iitted to control the outlet-branch a', to which latter the pipeconnects that conveys the lubricant to the valvegear of the engine,

O is a stand-pipe passing through and secured in a perforation formedthrough a plug piece, O', fitted in the bottomof the auxiliarycondensing chamber N', so that the steam from the engine can communicatedirectly to said condenser, said plug being provided with furtherperforations, O", through which the water of condensation escapes intothe feeder, filling the same, and constitutes the vertical columnthrough which the oil passes upward from the nipple i to the outletpipen by reason of its less specific gravity.

rlhe separate operation of the feeder shown in Fig. 8 can be stated asfollows: The handvalve n and the airor blow-off cock liareboth opened,(the three-way cock i being turned to cut off the supply of oil throughthe pipe 71,) whereupon the steam from the engine fills entirely thefeeder or feeders, expelling the air at i* and adapting the same forautomatic action. When so filled with steam, and the air or blow-offcock '11* is closed, the steam con feed-tube @'G- upward, filling thefeeder with water. This done, the three-way cock i can be opened, andthe feeding of the oil can then take place, either drop by drop or in astream, according to the adjustment of the regulatingcock il,fioatingupward through the feeder, and finally out through the branch nto the engine. At the same time as the oil floats out of the branch nthe steam enters the condenser by way of said branch and the stand-pipeO, and condensation is kept up. The water of condensation accumulatesnear the bottom of the auxiliary condenser, and finds its outlettherefrom through the small ports o2, flowing into the feeder, and,after overiowing the latter, iiows through outlet pipe n to the engine.There is thus a column of water kept constantly in the feeder to iioatthe oil upward, and at the same time a circulation of hot water from thecondenser through the outlet-branch a. The lhot water so'circulatingthrough said branch prevents the oil from becoming heavy,

gummy, or sticky, all of which is liable to occur, owing to said branchbeing highly heated. In Figs. l and 9 l have so modified the feeder thatthe water of condensation coming from the auxiliary condenser is.delivered into the said feeder at bottom instead of at top,whereby aconstant upward current of water therethrough is produced. This resultis accomplished by dispensing with the perforations O2 t-hrough the plug0 and providing the auX- iliary condensing-chamber, near its bottom,with a duct, O5, which is connected by means of a pipe, P l p', with asimilar duct, 0*, formed in the base-piece of the feeder andcommunicating with the interior of said feeder near the bottom of thenipple i. The upper extremity of the main portion Pof this pipe isconnected with the port O5 through the medium ofan elbow,p, while itslower extremity is connected with the port O* by means of aTcoupling,p', one arm of which forms a bearing for the sclewthreadedstem of a handvalve, zi, whereby the iow through said pipe may beregulated or stopped entirely at will. The circulation from theauxiliary condenser is therefore through the upper small port, O, downthe side pipe, P, through the port O4 to the interior of the feeder,upward through the feeder, and thence to the engine or other part to belubricated through the pipe n. This ci rculation carries the oil with itto commingle with the steam and pass to the part to be lubricated, andduring its passage the temperature of the water serves to keep thetemperature of the iiuid throughout the apparatus above thefreezing-point. This arrangement also performs the function of awashout77 to cleanse the sight-chamber, keep it constantly clear andbright, and otherwise, by its force of circulation, the oil is kept fromgumming at any of the points on its way to lubricate the engine.

The complete operation of the parts so far described is-as follows: Instarting the apparatus, the cocks gl of the oilpipes are closed,

IIS

. static column from the tank A and the oil-res ervoir. The oil cocks g2can next be opened to permit the said hydrostatic pressure to force theoil through the oil-pipes or any or all of the feeders. It will beobserved that the oil is forced from the reservoir to the feeder by thepressure of the hydrostatic column already mentioned, augmented by thepressure of the steam upon the top of said column. When the oil reachesthe chamber i3 of the feeder, the latter performs the final function, byits own column of water, of lioating the oil to its final destination.The circulation of the lubricant is therefore automatic, the hydrostaticcolumn aforesaid keeping the feeder constantly supplied by forcingthereinto through the nipple Q26 a quantity of oil, depending upon theadjustment of the valve il, and from said nipple the oil iioats throughthe column of water in the feeder, by reason of its lighter specificgravity, to the discharge-pipe a, whence it flows with the water ofcondensation to the part to be lubricated, as shown in Fig. 8; or else,instead of liowing upward through a column of water in the feeder, it iscarried upward by a current of water passing therethrough, as shown inFigs. 1 and 9.

In Figs. 1 and 10 I show the further-needed parts to adapt thehydrostatic column from lthe water-tank to serve as a wash-out for thecomplete apparatus, including the oil reservoirs and feeders. Thiswash-out simply consists in the addition of the branch water-pipe R,controlled by cock r, uniting the main wa terpipe c to the main oil-pipeH. This feature is duplicated for the remaining oil-pipe I-I, Src., bythe like branch pipe and cock. (See Fig. 1.) Of course, during thenormal operation ofthe automatic lubricator the cocks r are closed andthe wash-out deseribed'is not used; but, when desired, a completecleansing ofthe oilpipes, the reservoirs, the feeders, and theirconnections can be had.

By closing the valves c2 or c3 in the pipe C, opening the blow-off cockd, and then opening Ythe cock r, hot water and steam will be blownthrough the oil-reservoir, dissolving all hard gummy oil and expellingit, together with othersedimental matter that may haveaccumulated. Byopening the blow-off cock i at the bottom of the feeder, and thenopening the cock r, (the valves c2 and c3 being closed or open,) acurrent of hot water and steam will be blown through the oil pipes,thereby thoroughly cleansing them. The cleansing of the feeder alone iseffected, as `before described,

without the use of the cock r, by simply closing the cockz'and openingthe blow-offi, (and, in case the feeder is constructed as shown in Figs.1 and 9, closing the valve i9,) permitting the hot water and steam torush downward through the saine.

In Figs. 1. 2, and 6 I have shown the oilreservoir provided with anindicator, S. It consists of a glass tube, S, mounted in the upper andlower branch pipes, s s', and communicating with the side of theoil-reservoir. This indicator shows the level or height of oil and waterin the reservoir. Further,` the branches of the indicator are eachprovided with a check-valve, (see Fig. 6,) consisting of a conicalchamber, s2, deepest at the central point, and a ball-valve, s3, whichis introduced into this valve-chamber through an opening closed by acap, s4. This valve, during the proper operation of the lubricator,always retains the lowest point in its chamber, the oil passing over itduring the time the lubricant is drawn off from the oil-reservoir. Incase, however, a leakage occurs, orV breakage of its glass tube, so asto cause a rush of fluid through the valvechambers, the pressure raisesand forces the valves against the outer ends of the said branches,thereby preventing the escape of steam', oil, water, &c. The quantity ofoil in the reservoir will be apparent from the difference in the colorsof the two liuids, as seen through the indicating-tube.

In Fig. 3 I show the oil-reservoir provided with aheater for purposes ofpreventing its oil-congealing crV becoming thick and heavy and retainingit at suchv temperature as will insure its flowing freely a' nd bestadapt it to serve best as a lubricant. This heater consists simply of abranch steam-pipe, t, from the main steam-pipe X, (see Fig. 1,)communicating with the upper endof a pipe, t', which passes through thehead-piece E into the oil-reservoir, where it is preferably coiled. (SeeFigs. 3 and 4.) The bottomend of the heating-pipe passes through astuff] ng-box at t2, and its outside end is controlled bythe cock t3.(See rig. 3.)

U is a suitable pressuregage connecting by pipe u, having a cock, u', tothe upper chamber, F, of the oil-reservoir. By means of thispressure-gage'the pressure in the oil-reservoir may be ascertained,which, of course, will loe (approximately) the same per square inch asthe pressure in the steam-boiler, the only difference being the pressureof the hydrostatic column in the pipe C and tank or condenser A.

The invention shown and described in this application possesses somefeatureswhich are common to theinventionsshown and described in mypending applications which were filed on the 27th day of January, 1886',and numbered 189,950 and 189,951, respectively. I

do not claim in this application anyfeature or features particularlyclaimed in either of said other applications.

What I claim is- 1. In an apparatus for feeding lubricant to TIO two ormore machines or parts of machinery, the combination of a singleoil-reservoir, a single water-supply located above and remote or awayfrom the oil-reservoir, a pipe connecting said water-supply andoil-reservoir for delivering water into the latter for expelling the oiltherefrom, and branched pipes forming communication between saidoil-reservoir and a plurality of objects to be lubricated, a separatebranch being provided for communicating with each of the plurality ofobjects to be lubricated, whereby any number of machines or parts ofmachinery may be lubricated by the lubricant forced fromv asingleoil-reservoir by Water furnished from a single source, substantially asset forth.

2. An apparatus for feeding lubricant, conslsting of an oil-reservoir,awater-supply located above and remote from the oil-reservoir, and apipe connecting said water-supply and reservoir, in combination with anoil-pipe provided vwith branches forming communication between saidoil-reservoir and the objects to be lubricated, and valves and feederslocated 1n said oil-pipe and branches, the whole being arranged in sucha manner that the oil is caused by said water-supply to pass fromthereservoir and through. said oil-pipes and its branches to the parts tobe lubricated, regardless of intervening space or the bends in the pipe,substantially as set forth.

3. An apparatus for feeding lubricant, consisting of an oil-reservoir, awater-supply 1ocated above and remote from the reservoir, and a pipeconnecting said water-supply and reservoir, in combination with anoil-pipe provided with branches forming communication between saidoil-reservoir and the objects to be lubricated, and valves located insaid oilpipe and branches, thewhole being arranged in such a manner thatthe oil is caused by said water-supplyto pass from the reservoir andthrough said oil-pipes and its branches to the parts to be lubricated,regardless of the intervening space or the bends in the pipe,substanti'ally asset forth.

4. In a lubricator, the combination, with an oil-reservoir, a feeder, apipe forming comlnunication between them, and a pipe for conveying theoil from said feeder to the object to be lubricated, of a water-supplyhaving a pipe connecting it with the reservoir and an auxiliarywater-supply having a pipe connecting it with the feeder, substantiallyas set forth.

5. The combination of the oil-reservoir, the water-supply pipe leadingtherefrom and having a branch, C', communicating with the reservoir attop, said branch having aleg, C4, eX- tending nearly to the bottom ofsaid reservoir, and thebranch C3, having portion G2 communicatingdirectly with said reservoir at bottom, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

6. The combination, with an elevated watersupply tank, of anoil-reservoir having communication therewith,a feeder, a pipe connectingsaid reservoir and feeder, a cock for regulating the admission of oil tosaid feeder, and an auxiliary water-supply at a higher elevation thansaid feeder, having communication therewith, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

7. The combination, with an elevated condenser, of an oil-reservoirhaving communication with said condenser, a feeder, an auxiliarycondenser at a higher elevation than said feeder, and one common pipefor conveying steam to the latter condenser and oil from said feeder tothe object to be lubricated, substatitially as set forth. t

8. The combination, with a feeder and means for supplying said feederwith oil under pressure, of a condenser, N', above said feeder, havingcommunication therewith, and a pipe for conveying oil from said feeder,substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with an elevated condenser, of an oil-reservoirhaving communicatop, and a blow-offat the bottom of said feeder,

having a cock, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

1l. rlhe combination, with the condenser A, of an oil-reservoir, D,having a blow-off, d, and a cock, d, for controlling the same, a pipe,C, connecting said condenser and reservoir, -a pipe, H, for conveyingthe oil from said reservoir,'and a branch pipe, R, from saidcondenser-pipe connecting with said oil-pipe and having a cock, yr,whereby the parts may be cleaned, substantially as set forth;

l2. In a lubricator, the combination of the elevated condenser A,oil-reservoir D, a main water-pipe, C, forming a communication betweenthe condenser and oil-reservoir, a feeder, I, having a sight-tube, J,and located remote from the condenser and reservoir, a main oilpipe, H,forming a communication between the reservoir and feeder, a pipe, a',forming a communication between the feeder and object to be lubricated,and a branch pipe, R, provided with a valve, r, and forming acommunication between the main water-pipe C and main oil-pipe H, wherebythe latter, together with the feeder, may be washed out, substantiallyas set forth.

13. In a lubricator, the combination of the elevated condenser A,oil-reservoir D, placed remote from the condenser; a main water-pi pe,C, forming a communication betweenV the reservoir and object tobelubricated, and a branch pipe, It, provided with a valve, r, and form-ILO ing` :t communication between the main waterpipe and oil-pipe,whereby the latter can b cleaned, substantially as set forth.

14. In a lubrieator, the combination, with an oil-reservoir, D, a.feeder, and a pipe for conveying the oil from the former to the latter,of a pipe, n', communicating with the feeder for conveying the oiltherefrom, and a eondenser, also having communication with said feeder,said condenser being located entirely above the level of the pipe n',whereby said pipe is adapted to supply the condenser with steam, and atthe same time to carry off allwater of condensation in excess of anamount sufficient to fill the feeder, and the vertical I5 pipeconnecting it with thesaid pipe n', substantially as set forth.

15. The combination, ine lubricator, of the sight-tube J, provided witha valve and nipple at its lower end, coupling K, valve-charm 20 ber L,valve Z3, pipes M I', valve m, head-piece N, and pipe n', substantiallyas set forth.

` In testimony of said invention I have hereunto set my hand.

JOSEPH RYAN.

Witnesses:

WILLIAM W. HERTHEL, JOHN W. HERTHEL.

